解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Recently, prominent theoretical linguists have argued for an explicit scenario for the evolution of the human language capacity on the basis of its computational properties. Concretely, the simplicity of a minimalist formulation of the operation Merge, which allows humans to recursively compute hierarchical relations ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000389
更新日期:2019-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::What do "microbes" have to do with social equity? These microorganisms are integral to our health, that of our natural environment, and even the "health" of the environments we build. The loss, gain, and retention of microorganisms-their flow between humans and the environment-can greatly impact our health. It is well...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000536
更新日期:2019-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most widely targeted gene family for Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs. To assess possible roles for GPCRs in cancer, we analyzed The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data for mRNA expression, mutations, and copy number variation (CNV) in 20 categories and 45 subty...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000434
更新日期:2019-11-25 00:00:00
abstract::The Amazon is Brazil's greatest natural resource and invaluable to the rest of the world as a buffer against climate change. The recent election of Brazil's president brought disputes over development plans for the region back into the spotlight. Historically, the development model for the Amazon has focused on exploi...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000526
更新日期:2019-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000478.]. ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000568
更新日期:2019-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::The significance of symbioses between eukaryotic hosts and microbes extends from the organismal to the ecosystem level and underpins the health of Earth's most threatened marine ecosystems. Despite rapid growth in research on host-associated microbes, from individual microbial symbionts to host-associated consortia of...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000533
更新日期:2019-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::Changing environmental conditions cause changes in the distributions of phenotypic traits in natural populations. However, determining the mechanisms responsible for these changes-and, in particular, the relative contributions of phenotypic plasticity versus evolutionary responses-is difficult. To our knowledge, no st...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000493
更新日期:2019-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity is associated with changes in the plasma lipids. Although simple lipid quantification is routinely used, plasma lipids are rarely investigated at the level of individual molecules. We aimed at predicting different measures of obesity based on the plasma lipidome in a large population cohort using advanced mach...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000443
更新日期:2019-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::Microbial endosymbiosis is widespread in animals, with major ecological and evolutionary implications. Successful symbiosis relies on efficient vertical transmission through host generations. However, when symbionts negatively affect host fitness, hosts are expected to evolve suppression of symbiont effects or transmi...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000438
更新日期:2019-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::The striatum plays a fundamental role in motor learning and reward-related behaviors that are synergistically shaped by populations of D1 dopamine receptor (D1R)- and D2 dopamine receptor (D2R)-expressing medium spiny neurons (MSNs). How various neurotransmitter inputs converging on common intracellular pathways are p...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000477
更新日期:2019-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000311.]. ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000514
更新日期:2019-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::Antagonistic interactions drive host-virus evolutionary arms races, which often manifest as recurrent amino acid changes (i.e., positive selection) at their protein-protein interaction interfaces. Here, we investigated whether combinatorial mutagenesis of positions under positive selection in a host antiviral protein ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000181
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The link between single-cell variation and population-level fate choices lacks a mechanistic explanation despite extensive observations of gene expression and epigenetic variation among individual cells. Here, we found that single human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have different and biased differentiation potentials ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000453
更新日期:2019-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::Kabuki Syndrome patients have a spectrum of congenital disorders, including congenital heart defects, the primary determinant of mortality. Seventy percent of Kabuki Syndrome patients have mutations in the histone methyl-transferase KMT2D. However, the underlying mechanisms that drive these congenital disorders are un...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000087
更新日期:2019-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::Motion is an essential component of everyday tactile experience: most manual interactions involve relative movement between the skin and objects. Much of the research on the neural basis of tactile motion perception has focused on how direction is encoded, but less is known about how speed is. Perceived speed has been...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000431
更新日期:2019-08-27 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2006145.]. ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000454
更新日期:2019-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::Psychological and personality factors, socioeconomic status, and brain properties all contribute to chronic pain but have essentially been studied independently. Here, we administered a broad battery of questionnaires to patients with chronic back pain (CBP) and collected repeated sessions of resting-state functional ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000349
更新日期:2019-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::Most models of cancer cell population expansion assume exponential growth kinetics at low cell densities, with deviations to account for observed slowing of growth rate only at higher densities due to limited resources such as space and nutrients. However, recent preclinical and clinical observations of tumor initiati...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000399
更新日期:2019-08-05 00:00:00
abstract::The Hippo pathway directs cell differentiation during organogenesis, in part by restricting proliferation. How Hippo signaling maintains a proliferation-differentiation balance in developing tissues via distinct molecular targets is only beginning to be understood. Our study makes the unexpected finding that Hippo sup...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000382
更新日期:2019-07-19 00:00:00
abstract::Lymphoid T-zone fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) actively promote T-cell trafficking, homeostasis, and expansion but can also attenuate excessive T-cell responses via inducible nitric oxide (NO) and constitutive prostanoid release. It remains unclear how these FRC-derived mediators dampen T-cell responses and wheth...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000072
更新日期:2019-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::The evidence that diel patterns of physiology and behaviour in mammals are governed by circadian 'clocks' is based almost entirely on studies of nocturnal rodents. The emergent circadian paradigm, however, neglects the roles of energy metabolism and alimentary function (feeding and digestion) as determinants of activi...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000360
更新日期:2019-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Citizen science is mainstream: millions of people contribute data to a growing array of citizen science projects annually, forming massive datasets that will drive research for years to come. Many citizen science projects implement a "leaderboard" framework, ranking the contributions based on number of records or spec...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000357
更新日期:2019-06-27 00:00:00
abstract::In their competition for hosts, parasites with antigens that are novel to the host immune system will be at a competitive advantage. The resulting frequency-dependent selection can structure parasite populations into strains of limited genetic overlap. For the causative agent of malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, the hig...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000336
更新日期:2019-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Misalignment of the daily sleep-wake and fasting-feeding cycles with the endogenous circadian timing system is an inevitable consequence of night shift work and is associated with adverse metabolic health effects. However, a detailed characterisation of the effects of night shifts on 24-h rhythms in the metabolome is ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000303
更新日期:2019-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::Peptide immunogens provide an approach to focus antibody responses to specific neutralizing sites on the HIV envelope protein (Env) trimer or on other pathogens. However, the physical characteristics of peptide immunogens can limit their pharmacokinetic and immunological properties. Here, we have designed synthetic "s...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000328
更新日期:2019-06-17 00:00:00
abstract::Blood-brain barrier (BBB) defects and cerebrovascular dysfunction contribute to amyloid-β (Aβ) brain accumulation and drive Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology. By regulating vascular functions and inflammation in the microvasculature, a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I motif, member 13 (ADAMTS1...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000313
更新日期:2019-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::The MooSciTIC project is a capacity-building initiative targeting West African research scientists and higher education teachers. The project aimed to improve the self-reliance of researchers and upgrade research practices by providing on-site summer schools on trans-disciplinary topics such as scientific writing, com...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000312
更新日期:2019-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::Atypical chemokine receptor 2 (ACKR2) is a chemokine-scavenging receptor. ACKR2-/-embryos display a reduction in size of a novel, to our knowledge, embryonic skin macrophage population referred to as 'intermediate' cells. CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2)-/-embryos display an identical phenotype, indicating that these ce...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000287
更新日期:2019-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular aging, a progressive functional decline driven by damage accumulation, often culminates in the mortality of a cell lineage. Certain lineages, however, are able to sustain long-lasting immortality, as prominently exemplified by stem cells. Here, we show that Escherichia coli cell lineages exhibit comparable pa...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000266
更新日期:2019-05-23 00:00:00
abstract::Rapamycin (Rap) and its derivatives, called rapalogs, are being explored in clinical trials targeting cancer and neurodegeneration. The underlying mechanisms of Rap actions, however, are not well understood. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), a lysosome-localized protein kinase that acts as a critical regulator o...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000252
更新日期:2019-05-21 00:00:00
abstract::While the role of cortical microstructure in organising neural function is well established, it remains unclear how structural constraints can give rise to more flexible elements of cognition. While nonhuman primate research has demonstrated a close structure-function correspondence, the relationship between microstru...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000284
更新日期:2019-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are well studied for their role in binding and charging tRNAs with cognate amino acids. Recent RNA interactome studies had suggested that these enzymes can also bind polyadenylated RNAs. Here, we explored the mRNA repertoire bound by several yeast aaRSs. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP)...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000274
更新日期:2019-05-17 00:00:00
abstract::Lysosomes are ubiquitous acidified organelles that degrade intracellular and extracellular material trafficked via multiple pathways. Lysosomes also sense cellular nutrient levels to regulate target of rapamycin (TOR) kinase, a signaling enzyme that drives growth and suppresses activity of the MiT/TFE family of transc...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000245
更新日期:2019-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::Malaria parasites possess the remarkable ability to maintain chronic infections that fail to elicit a protective immune response, characteristics that have stymied vaccine development and cause people living in endemic regions to remain at risk of malaria despite previous exposure to the disease. These traits stem fro...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000271
更新日期:2019-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Honey bees are experts at refuting societal norms. Their matriarchal hives are headed by queens, backed by an all-female workforce, and males die soon after copulation. But the biochemical basis of how these distinct castes and sexes (queens, workers, and drones) arise is poorly understood, partly due to a lack of eff...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000256
更新日期:2019-05-06 00:00:00
abstract::Over 20 years ago, alterations to the protein myocilin were confirmed to be linked to a heritable form of the prevalent eye disease, glaucoma, and 10 years ago, my lab set out to develop a deeper understanding of myocilin in its normal and diseased state. We have made strides in understanding how genetic mutations in ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000237
更新日期:2019-04-22 00:00:00
abstract::Telomerase, a unique reverse transcriptase that specifically extends the ends of linear chromosomes, is up-regulated in the vast majority of cancer cells. Here, we show that an indole nucleotide analog, 5-methylcarboxyl-indolyl-2'-deoxyriboside 5'-triphosphate (5-MeCITP), functions as an inhibitor of telomerase activi...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000204
更新日期:2019-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian sex determination (male versus female) is largely controlled by genes, whereas sex differentiation (development of reproductive structures) is largely controlled by hormones. Work in the 20th century indicated that female external anatomy was a "default" pathway of development not requiring steroids, whereas...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000198
更新日期:2019-04-03 00:00:00
abstract::In experimental evolution, scientists evolve organisms in the lab, typically by challenging them to new environmental conditions. How best to evolve a desired trait? Should the challenge be applied abruptly, gradually, periodically, sporadically? Should one apply chemical mutagenesis, and do strains with high innate m...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000182
更新日期:2019-03-29 00:00:00
abstract::Birds utilize a unique structure, called a syrinx, for the production of their vocalizations. The origins of the syrinx are not well understood. New work, utilizing first principles-based models, suggests that a key element in selection for the early syrinx might be the position of this vocal structure: although the l...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000184
更新日期:2019-03-28 00:00:00